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Reclaiming Urban Spaces: Housing, Art, and Collective Action

Bleona Velic and Eva Chen

48300 Praxis I Fall 2024


Studio Coordinator: Heather Bizon
Project Advisors: Maryam Karimi and Neal Lucas Hitch

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Phase 01: 
Interpreting Communities Through their Art Culture

Gentrification has plagued the once tight knit community of East Liberty and completely altered the social fabric of the neighborhood. The purpose of this study is to examine these changes through the culture of public art. East Liberty is a community that has historically spoken through and expressed itself through art, today the authentic art of the community members can be measured directly against a trend of commercial businesses trying to do the same through mimicking the artistic styles developed in East Liberty in order to appeal to the existing community. The gentrification of East Liberty has been fueled by a desire from the local government to transform the area into a revenue maker for the city by handing over its buildings to chain commercial retailers and tech companies moving into the area. This has resulted in a highly commercialized public which has erased a rich history of existing communities that have been pushed out due to rising costs of living and changes in land use. 

 

Today the “commercial public” continues to overpower the “natural public” which is evidenced through the censorship of local artists, curation of a false style of art in East Liberty, and the monetary advantage of commercial sites being able to dominate the streets of East Liberty. These capitalist striations result in a standardization of the social grid in East Liberty, where the architecture once served as a canvas for natural forms of expression to sprout it now is largely blocked off by the rising presence of private spaces with imported styles, thus smoothing out the spatial markers and boundaries that public art provides for East Liberty.  In this fight between the natural and unnatural I used a quote from the philosopher Leibnitz to guide my thinking “if geometry makes the house topology describes the forest.” East Liberty’s intangible social fabric in its public art once functioned as a forest natural and sporadic and today it is being forced into a geometric grid that prescribes where art is allowed to exist rather than where it wants to exist.

MATRIXING EMERGING ART FORMS
COLLAGING AND MAPPING TRADING CARDS
DIAGRAMMING UNDER-OVER OF ART CULTURE 
SYNTHESIZING ART WITH COMMUNITY MEMBER TESTIMONY
Narrative Timeline

PHASE
02

Bridges, Complexes, and Piers: Exploring Community in Urban Spaces and Temporary Art Installations

The Galata Bridge in Istanbul, the Bouca Housing Complex in Turkey, and the Floating Piers art installation at Lake Iseo in Italy offer contrasting examples of community relationships, shaped by their design, purpose, and location.

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GALATA BRIDGE
ISTANBUL, TÜRKIYE

Infrastructure Typology

The Galata Bridge serves as a dynamic meeting point for Istanbul’s residents and visitors alike. Spanning the Golden Horn, it connects two bustling neighborhoods, Galata and Eminönü. Here, community relationships are organic and multifaceted, formed through everyday interactions. Locals fish off the bridge, offering a chance for strangers to share a moment of camaraderie. Street vendors peddle traditional snacks, and cafes along the bridge provide space for conversations. The bridge’s function as a transit route enhances the flow of people, blending different social groups and fostering interactions between people from varying walks of life. It is a place where the rhythms of daily life continue uninterrupted, creating a tangible sense of belonging and community in the heart of Istanbul.

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BOUÇA HOUSING PORTO, PORTUGAL
Housing Typology

The Bouca Housing Complex, located in İzmir, is a designed space intended to foster community through modern urban planning. Bouca was envisioned as a self-sustaining, socially cohesive neighborhood, with pedestrian-friendly pathways, communal gardens, and shared public spaces. This deliberate architectural design encourages interaction and community building, with residents having spaces to gather, interact, and form relationships. However, the success of such spaces often depends on the social dynamics of the residents. While the intent is to create a sense of belonging, the complex faces challenges such as socio-economic divisions and generational gaps, which can affect the depth of community bonds.

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FLOATING PIERS

LAKE ISEO, ITALY
Event Typology

The Floating Piers installation at Lake Iseo, created by artist Christo, stands as an example of a tourist attraction that does not foster community in the same way. Though visually stunning, the Floating Piers are transient, designed for a temporary art installation rather than sustained, meaningful interactions. The experience is individualistic, with visitors often focused on the novelty of walking on water rather than engaging with others. The lack of permanent connections and the overwhelming influx of tourists create a sense of detachment, where the sense of community is minimal and fleeting. The transient nature of the installation contrasts sharply with the lasting connections formed in spaces like Galata Bridge and Bouca.

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PHASE 03

Reclaiming Urban Spaces: Housing, Art, and Collective Action

In collaboration with Eva Chen

Project Narrative
Introduction

The economic structure shaping the contemporary architectural profession has shifted toward a profit-centric paradigm, prioritizing market-driven development over affordability and livability. In an era where affordable housing is recognized as a fundamental human right, the persistent rise in homelessness highlights systemic inequities. This project seeks to intervene by proposing a strategic framework for repurposing underutilized urban spaces, such as abandoned warehouses, into affordable and equitable housing solutions. By engaging communities in the design process and enabling them to create self-determined models of informal settlements, this initiative not only addresses immediate housing needs but also fosters agency, resilience, and long-term social equity within marginalized urban populations. At the same time, an abandoned church becomes a center for the arts and the roots for a dwindling art community to regenerate. The two sites are connected by abandoned buildings and vacant lots that dot Penn Avenue. Today, these sites are no longer accessible to the public, reflecting a deterioration of local community space in Pittsburgh and an increase in commercialization across the city. We aim to make these increasingly privatized spaces in Pittsburgh accessible to regenerate communities and allow local cultures and practices to exist and flourish. Henri Lefebvre coined the term “right to the city,” emphasizing a transformative approach to urban life that prioritizes the everyday use value of spaces over their exchange or market value.  At the core of his argument is the belief that cities should serve the needs of their inhabitants rather than be driven by capitalist commodification. In this project, the artist community engages in subtle, yet powerful, interventions to reignite this approach, introducing non-commodifiable values into the neighborhood. Through art as a form of resistance and a way of life, these interventions challenge dominant economic paradigms and foster a collective reclaiming of urban space for the people, inspiring a suppressed art community in Pittsburgh to take over public spaces and engage the entire city in an exchange of ideas and experiences.

 

​This project challenges the inequities of the built environment by repurposing abandoned spaces, not only to shelter those in need but also to reclaim public space as a site of individual agency and collective action. The roof of this building becomes an active symbol of resistance, where people can construct temporary dwellings, engage in art, and form a collective community identity. The intervention is rooted in the idea that housing is a fundamental right and a political statement.

​The rooftop settlement and warehouse will now host art installations, gatherings, and performances that activate the area and provide a platform for marginalized voices. These creative expressions allow residents and visitors to connect with the larger struggle for social justice, empowering them to reshape their surroundings. Across the city, similar interventions will materialize in other vacant and abandoned spaces, encouraging users to craft temporary art structures that later serve community needs—whether through collective gardens, pop-up services, or educational programs. These interventions across Penn Avenue will foster a culture of collaboration and self-sufficiency, turning forgotten spaces into thriving ecosystems of mutual aid. The intervention that encompasses the abandoned church challenges the art culture in a community where it has been historically repressed due to gentrification. Against the atomization of modern society, this initiative becomes an active hub that conjures new ways of community building, fostering collective engagement and reimagining urban spaces as shared environments where social bonds are strengthened and communal resilience thrives.

 

​In all of these projects, scaffolding acts as the connective tissue linking the infrastructure of the interventions and materializing the space necessary for individuals to be able to project their own ideas. The interventions aim to challenge the traditional notion of architecture that views buildings as static objects placed into areas without considering how they interact with their surrounding conditions. Instead seeking to repair social fractures by enacting change by forcing the larger network of the city grid to be hacked and manipulated to allow for spores of social reparations to infect the city grid and resolve fundamental issues of disconnect and disillusion in modern cities.

 

​Scaffolding acts as the universal language linking together the foundation of the project. Typically seen as an unwanted appendage of infrastructure latching onto existing buildings it now becomes a moving and ephemeral framework that invites the public into the design process. The scaffold allows stakeholders to impose their own desires onto physical structures to claim and create spaces that influence the social fabric. The role of the architect shifts from that of an authoritative creator to a facilitator who establishes the infrastructure and a growth model, enabling a dynamic, evolving process driven by the community itself. The interventions begin looking at architecture as something beyond a physical artifact and instead, as a dynamic intervention in which individuals can have the power to define and form a community through their actions.

Site 01: Strip District Warehouse

The first site is the abandoned St. Peter and Paul Catholic Church in East Liberty. The area has been heavily gentrified over the years, resulting in an increasingly commercialized neighborhood with fewer public spaces and, most notably, significant losses in its public art culture. Today, the church sits abandoned and ornamented with graffiti art made by the local community, waiting to be demolished. 

The second site is an unused warehouse in the Strip District. The area was once an industrial hub in Pittsburgh. After the Great Depression, Shantytowns formed in the region, when displaced workers formed villages on vacant properties made from found materials such as boards, roofing material, and construction debris. The two sites are connected by the abandoned buildings and vacant lots that dot Penn Avenue. 

Today, these sites are no longer accessible to the public, reflecting a deterioration of local community space in Pittsburgh and an increase in commercialization across the city. We aim to make these increasingly privatized spaces in Pittsburgh accessible to regenerate communities and allow local cultures and practices to exist and flourish. Further, with the forced regeneration of public space through a series of interventions, we hope to inspire and foster a suppressed art community in Pittsburgh to take over public spaces and engage the entire city in an exchange of ideas and experiences. 

The aim of these interventions are to challenge the traditional notion of architecture that views buildings as static objects placed into areas without considering how they interact with their surrounding conditions. Instead seeking to repair social fractures by enacting change through forcing the larger network of the city grid to be hacked and manipulated to allow for spores of social reparations to infect the city grid and resolve fundamental issues in modern cities. Scaffolding acts as the universal language linking together the foundation of the project. Typically seen as an unwanted appendage of infrastructure latching and leeching off of a building it is not symbolic of a moving and ephemeral framework that invites the public into the design process to stop being able to intact permanent effects on the interrelationship of their communities. The scaffold allows stakeholders to impose their own desires onto physical structure to claim and create spaces that influence the social fabric.

Site 02: East Liberty St. Peter and Paul Church

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Site 01: Strip District Warehouse Technical Drawings
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Axonometric View

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The axonometric view includes programmed and characterized perspective views and the zoomed in 60-30 view of the site includes communal spaces that are cut into to showcase their interior.

Site 02: St. Peter and Paul Church Technical Drawings
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Site 03: Abandoned and Vacant Spaces Along Penn Avenue
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Proposal
Booklet

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CONTACT

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